Causes of high blood pressure

Understanding the basics

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a common health concern that affects millions of people worldwide. It's essential to understand the various factors that can contribute to high blood pressure to take proactive steps towards managing this condition effectively. Let's delve into the key causes of high blood pressure and how you can maintain a healthy lifestyle to keep your blood pressure in check.

Is high blood pressure in your DNA?

Genetics can play a significant role in determining your risk of developing high blood pressure. If you have a family history of hypertension, you may be more predisposed to this condition. Certain genetic variations can influence how your body regulates blood pressure, making some individuals more susceptible to hypertension than others1. While you can't change your genetic makeup, understanding your genetic risk can empower you to take proactive steps towards prevention and management.

Lifestyle factors

Your lifestyle choices can significantly influence your blood pressure levels. Factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, excessive alcohol consumption, and smoking can all contribute to high blood pressure. Regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and following a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help lower your blood pressure and reduce your risk of hypertension2.

Stress and anxiety

Chronic stress and anxiety can take a toll on your body, including raising your blood pressure levels. When you're stressed, your body releases hormones like adrenaline and cortisol, which can temporarily increase your blood pressure. Over time, prolonged stress can lead to sustained high blood pressure levels, putting you at risk of hypertension and other cardiovascular problems3. Finding healthy ways to manage stress, such as meditation, yoga, or spending time in nature, can help keep your blood pressure in check.

Dietary factors

Your dietary choices can have a significant impact on your blood pressure levels. Consuming too much sodium, commonly found in processed and packaged foods, can cause your body to retain water and increase blood pressure. On the other hand, potassium-rich foods like bananas, spinach, and sweet potatoes can help counteract the effects of sodium and lower your blood pressure4. Adopting a low-sodium diet and incorporating potassium-rich foods into your meals can help support healthy blood pressure levels.

Underlying health concerns

Certain medical conditions can contribute to high blood pressure. Conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, and sleep apnoea can all affect blood pressure regulation and increase your risk of hypertension5. It's essential to manage these underlying health conditions effectively to help control your blood pressure levels and reduce your risk of complications.

Obesity is a major contributor to high blood pressure. Excess body fat increases blood volume and resistance in the blood vessels, which can elevate blood pressure levels. Obesity induces systemic inflammation and disrupts hormonal balance, further aggravating hypertension6. Managing weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise is essential for controlling blood pressure and reducing associated health risks.

Testing your heart health

Understanding your risk factors for high blood pressure is crucial for maintaining heart health. MyHealthChecked offers comprehensive testing solutions to assess your cardiovascular risk factors and genetic predispositions. The Heart Profile Blood Test evaluates key markers associated with heart health, providing valuable insights into your cardiovascular risk. Additionally, the Heart Profile DNA Test analyses your genetic predispositions for heart-related conditions, empowering you to take proactive steps towards prevention and management.

Taking charge of your heart health

By understanding the various factors that can contribute to high blood pressure, you can take proactive steps towards maintaining a healthy heart. Whether it's adopting a healthy lifestyle, managing stress effectively, or undergoing comprehensive testing, there are plenty of ways to support your heart health and keep your blood pressure in check. Don't wait until it's too late – take action today to safeguard your heart for a healthier tomorrow.

Reviewed by Dr Yiannis Mavrommatis

References

NHS. (n.d.). High blood pressure (hypertension). NHS. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/high-blood-pressure-hypertension/
American Heart Association. (n.d.). Changes you can make to manage high blood pressure. Heart.org. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/high-blood-pressure/changes-you-can-make-to-manage-high-blood-pressure
British Heart Foundation. (n.d.). Stress. BHF. https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/risk-factors/stress
NHS. (n.d.). Salt in your diet. NHS. https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/food-types/salt-in-your-diet/
British Heart Foundation. (n.d.). High blood pressure. British Heart Foundation. https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/risk-factors/high-blood-pressure
Meouchy, P., Wahoud, M., Allam, S., Chedid, R., Karam, W., & Karam, S. (2022). Hypertension related to obesity: Pathogenesis, characteristics and factors for control. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012305